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2.1.8 Phillips Curve: Historical Investigation

Study the data in the chart below:

UK Inflation and Unemployment: 1971-2020

  1. Describe the trends in the data shown.
  2. Does there appear to be any relationship between inflation and unemployment?

After you have answered these questions, click through the panels below to investigate different time periods in further depth.

UK Inflation and Unemployment: 1971-1995

  1. Identify four periods in which there appeared to be Phillips Curve relationship.
  2. What could have caused the economy to switch from one Phillips Curve to the next?
  3. Comment on the values of the inflation and unemployment figures in the following time periods:
    • 1974-1979
    • 1980-1986
    • 1987-1995

UK Inflation and Unemployment: 1996-2020

  1. What appears to have happened to the Phillips Curve relationship in this time period?
  2. Comment on the values of the inflation and unemployment figures in this time.
  3. Explain, using an AS/AD diagarm, how an economy can experience low unemployment without causing inflation

When finished:

  1. Explain how the role of inflationary expectations can affect the Phillips Curve.
  2. Explain the reason why inflationary expectations may have changed at the following points:
    • 1974-1975
    • 1985-1987

Phillips Curve GIF

This animation does a nice job to explain what we have seen earlier: that the Phillips Curve can shift around and become more or less favourable, depending on inflationary expectations.